The Gettysburg Address [🏛️公版经典 B2]
📖 阅读导读
《葛底斯堡演说》是林肯最著名的短篇演讲，1863年发表于葛底斯堡烈士公墓落成仪式。全篇仅272个单词，演讲时长不到两分钟，却成为英语演讲史上的不朽名篇。
演说缅怀南北战争中牺牲的将士，重新诠释美国立国的自由平等理念，结尾“民有、民治、民享”传遍世界。文本大量使用过去分词作后置定语、排比平行句式，书面正式语体，非常适合B2学习者学习议论文、演讲稿写作。
🇬🇧 英文原文
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate—we can not consecrate—we can not hallow—this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
🇨🇳 中文译文（本站自译）
八十七年前，我们的先辈在这片大陆之上，孕育出一个崭新的国家，孕育于自由之中，奉行“人人生而平等”的信念。
如今，我们正置身于一场宏大的内战，考验这个国家，或是任何一个孕育于此、坚守于此的国家，能否长久存续。我们相聚于这场战争的一处伟大战场。我们来到这里，将这片土地的一部分奉献出来，作为在此为国捐躯将士最后的安息之所。我们理应这样做，这合情合理。
然而，从更宏大的意义上讲，我们无法奉献、无法圣化、无法神化这片土地。那些在此浴血奋战的勇士，无论生者逝者，已经将此地神圣化，远非我们微薄的力量可以增饰或贬损。世人不会留意，也不会长久铭记我们今天在此所说的话语，但他们永远不会遗忘勇士们在此所做的牺牲。我们生者，更应当投身于勇士们尚未完成的事业。我们更应当肩负起摆在我们面前的伟大使命：从这些可敬的逝者身上，更加忠于他们为之倾尽生命的理想；我们在此庄严宣誓，绝不叫这些逝者白白牺牲；愿这个国家，在上帝庇佑之下，迎来自由的新生；愿这个民有、民治、民享的政府，永世不会从地球上消亡。
📚 重点词汇
score /skɔː(r)/ n. 二十；four‑score 八十
brought forth 催生，孕育
conceive /kənˈsiːv/ v. 孕育，构想
proposition /ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃn/ n. 主张，信念
civil war 内战
endure /ɪnˈdjʊə(r)/ v. 存续，忍耐
dedicate /ˈdedɪkeɪt/ v. 奉献，敬献
consecrate /ˈkɒnsɪkreɪt/ v. 奉为神圣，圣化
hallow /ˈhæləʊ/ v. 使神圣
detract /dɪˈtrækt/ v. 减损，贬低
unfinished work 未竟的事业
devotion /dɪˈvəʊʃn/ n. 忠诚，奉献
in vain 徒劳，白白地
perish /ˈperɪʃ/ v. 消亡，毁灭
🔍 长难句语法解析
1. Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
conceived / dedicated 过去分词短语后置修饰a new nation；that引导同位语从句解释proposition的具体内容，正式书面演讲高频句式。
2. …testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.
testing现在分词作伴随状语；so conceived and so dedicated是省略的过去分词修饰前面nation。
3. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
It为形式主语，that从句是真正主语；should用于正式书面句型，表示“理应”。
4. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here…
little此处为副词，意为“几乎不”；nor承接否定含义，后面倒装省略。
5. …the great task remaining before us — that … — that … — that … — and that …
破折号连续引出多个that同位语从句，排比堆叠，是演讲文本标志性修辞，增强气势。
6. government of the people, by the people, and for the people
平行介词短语排比；of所属、by施动者、for目的，经典名句式，适合写作模仿。