Self‑Reliance [🏛️公版经典 B2]
📖 阅读导读
《论自立》是爱默生超验主义代表名篇。文章核心思想：相信自我，尊重内心天性，不要盲从传统、世俗舆论与他人看法。
爱默生鼓励人接纳自我的天赋与直觉，不必为迎合社会而放弃本心。文本大量短促有力的警句、排比，书面议论文风格，非常适合B2积累思辨类写作句式。本文为教学精读节选。
🇬🇧 英文原文
Trust thyself: every heart vibrates to that iron string. Accept the place the divine providence has found for you, the society of your contemporaries, the connection of events. Great men have always done so, and confided themselves childlike to the genius of their age, betraying their perception that the absolutely trustworthy was seated at their heart, working through their hands, predominating in all their being. Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist. He who would gather immortal palms must not be hindered by the name of goodness, but must explore if it be goodness. Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind. Absolve you to yourself, and you shall have the suffrage of the world. I remember an answer which when quite young I was prompted to make to a valued adviser. I was told, “You have no right to put your opinions into action, unless all men agree with you.” I replied, “If I am right, then all men will in time agree with me.” Virtues are, in the popular estimate, rather the exception than the rule. There is the man and his virtues. Men do what is called a good action, as some piece of courage or charity, much as they would pay a fine in expiation of daily non‑appearance on parade. Their works are done as an apology or extenuation of their living in the world. To be great is to be misunderstood.
🇨🇳 中文译文（本站自译）
相信你自己：每一颗心灵都为这钢铁般的信念而震颤。接受神圣天意为你安排的处境，接受同代人的社会环境，接受世间种种际遇联结。
伟大的人物向来如此，如同孩童一般把自己托付给时代的精神。他们深知，最值得信赖的力量就驻于内心，经由双手劳作，主宰人的全部生命。
想要成为真正的人，就不要随波逐流。想要摘取不朽桂冠的人，不能被所谓“善”的名号束缚，必须亲自去分辨那究竟是否为真的善。归根结底，唯有你内心人格的完整，才是神圣不可侵犯的。
求得自我内心的认可，世间终将会投下对你的赞同。我记得年少时，一位敬重的长辈劝诫我。他对我说：“除非所有人都认同，否则你无权践行自己的想法。”我答道：“倘若我是正确的，终有一日世人都会认同我。”
世俗眼中，美德往往只是特例，而非人之常态。人归人，美德归美德。人们做出所谓善举，表现几分勇气或是善意，如同缴纳罚金，弥补平日未能恪守德行。他们行善，仿佛是为自己活在世间做辩解、做开脱。
伟大之人，难免遭受误解。
📚 重点词汇
vibrate /vaɪˈbreɪt/ v. 震颤，共鸣
divine providence 神圣天意
contemporary /kənˈtemprəri/ n. 同代人
genius /ˈdʒiːniəs/ n. 时代精神，天赋
predominate /prɪˈdɒmɪneɪt/ v. 占据主导
nonconformist /ˌnɒnkənˈfɔːmɪst/ n. 不盲从世俗的人
immortal palms 不朽的桂冠
sacred /ˈseɪkrɪd/ adj. 神圣的
integrity /ɪnˈteɡrəti/ n. 人格完整，正直
absolve /əbˈzɒlv/ v. 使获得宽恕、认可
suffrage /ˈsʌfrɪdʒ/ n. 赞同，支持
expiation /ˌekspiˈeɪʃn/ n. 赎罪，弥补
extenuation /ɪkˌstenjuˈeɪʃn/ n. 辩解，开脱
🔍 长难句语法解析
1. Trust thyself: every heart vibrates to that iron string.
thyself古英语=yourself；冒号后解释说明；vibrate to sth“为……而共鸣”。
2. Accept the place the divine providence has found for you, the society of your contemporaries, the connection of events.
祈使句；the place后面省略关系代词that的定语从句；并列三个宾语。
3. Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist.
whoso古体=whoever，引导主语从句；would此处表意愿“想要”。
4. Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind.
nothing…but…固定结构：“唯有……才……”。
5. I remember an answer which when quite young I was prompted to make to a valued adviser.
which引导定语从句修饰answer；插入时间状语when quite young。
6. To be great is to be misunderstood.
不定式作主语+不定式作表语；被动语态to be misunderstood，文学警句经典句式。